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Published on: September 8, 2017
Effect of bromide on NDMA formation during chloramination of model precursor compounds and natural waters
Wilson Beita-Sandí1, Cagri Utku Erdem2, Tanju Karanfil2
1Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Anderson, SC, 29625, United States; Research Center of Environmental Pollution (CICA), University of Costa Rica, San José, 2060, Costa Rica.
Abstract:
In this work, we investigated the effect of bromide ion (Br-) on NDMA formation using model precursor compounds, wastewater effluents and surface waters. Previous studies showed that Br- reacts with chloramines and forms bromochloramine, a reactive compound responsible for NDMA formation enhancement. Some limitations of those studies were the highest Br- concentrations used, and the limited number of precursors considered. Here, we observed enhancement of NDMA formation from most of the model precursor compounds within the Br- range (0-1000 μg/L) but this effect was suppressed in the presence of NOM. Also, NDMA formation was favored at pH 8 in the presence of Br- compared to pH 6. Nevertheless, Br- suppressed NDMA formation in wastewater effluent samples at low monochloramine doses while no effects were observed in surface waters.
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