Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 2, 2026
08:23
CIRCLE-Seq for Interrogation of Off-Target Gene Editing
Published on: November 1, 2024
1.3K
CRISPR Diagnosis and Therapeutics with Single Base Pair Precision
Seung Hwan Lee1, Young-Ho Park2, Yeung Bae Jin1
1National Primate Research Center (NPRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Republic of Korea.
Trends in Molecular Medicine
|December 4, 2019
Summary
Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) technology enables precise genome editing. Understanding the structure of CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins and guide RNAs is key to distinguishing specific DNA alleles for medical applications.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
- Biotechnology
Background:
- CRISPR technology is a versatile genome editing tool with significant medical potential.
- Allele specificity is crucial for developing high-precision CRISPR-based therapeutics and diagnostics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the structural features of CRISPR-ribonucleoprotein complexes.
- To explain how these structures enable precise target DNA recognition and allele distinction.
Main Methods:
- Structural analysis of CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins.
- Examination of guide RNA interactions within the CRISPR complex.
- Review of literature on CRISPR-Cas system structural biology.
Main Results:
- CRISPR-Cas systems achieve high-fidelity distinction of single-base differences.
- Structural identification by Cas proteins and guide RNAs is key to specificity.
- Understanding ribonucleoprotein complex formation is essential for target recognition.
Conclusions:
- Structural insights into CRISPR-Cas systems facilitate enhanced single-base precision genome editing.
- This understanding supports the development of advanced allele-specific diagnostics and therapeutics.
Related Concept Videos
01:59CRISPR
57.3K
Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
57.3K
01:28CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing
1.5K
The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...
1.5K
02:31Homologous Recombination
62.2K
The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
62.2K
02:53CRISPR and crRNAs
18.6K
Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
18.6K
02:53Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation
6.5K
Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
6.5K
01:23The Antiviral System of Bacteria and Archaea: CRISPR
559
CRISPR stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats is a adaptive immune system found in bacteria and archaea that protects against viral infections. This system enables prokaryotic cells to identify, remember, and neutralize foreign genetic elements, primarily bacteriophages, by storing fragments of the invader’s DNA as a genetic memory.The CRISPR immune response begins during an initial infection. Cas (CRISPR-associated) proteins play a central role in this...
559