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Contrasting actions of ginsenosides Rb1 and Rg1 on glucose tolerance in rats
Rungchai Chaunchaiyakul1, Naruemon Leelayuwat2, Jin-Fu Wu3
1Faculty of Sports Science and Technology, Mahidol University, Nakhonpathom, Thailand; Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan.
The Chinese Journal of Physiology
|December 4, 2019
Summary
Ginsenosides Rb1 and Rg1 from Panax ginseng show opposing effects on glucose levels and muscle metabolism in vivo. Dose standardization is crucial due to their unique dose-response relationship.
Area of Science:
- Metabolic research
- Pharmacology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Panax ginseng ginsenoside profiles vary with environmental factors.
- In vivo dose-response data for major ginsenosides (Rb1, Rg1) on metabolic measures are lacking.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the dose-dependent effects of ginsenosides Rb1 and Rg1 on glucose and insulin responses.
- To examine the impact of Rb1 and Rg1 on muscle metabolism and body temperature in vivo.
Main Methods:
- Oral glucose challenge (0.5 g/kg) administered to subjects receiving varying doses (0.01–10 mg/kg) of Rb1 and Rg1.
- Measurement of postprandial glucose levels, insulin response, citrate synthase activity, muscle glycogen content, and body temperature.
Main Results:
- Low doses of Rb1 increased, while Rg1 decreased postprandial glucose levels; effects diminished with higher doses.
- Both Rb1 and Rg1 reduced citrate synthase activity, muscle glycogen, and body temperature at low doses, with diminishing effects at higher doses.
Conclusions:
- Ginsenosides Rb1 and Rg1 exhibit opposing effects on glucose metabolism and influence muscle metabolism and mitochondrial activity.
- Accurate dose standardization of Rb1 and Rg1 is essential for reliable Panax ginseng research due to their complex dose-response relationships.
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