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Hypodontia - not only an orthodontic problem
Zofia Kielan-Grabowska1, Beata Kawala1, Joanna Antoszewska-Smith1
1Division of Maxillofacial Orthopedics and Orthodontics, Department of Maxillofacial Orthopedics and Orthodontics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland.
Dental and Medical Problems
|December 4, 2019
Summary
Hypodontia, the congenital absence of teeth, affects over 10% of orthodontic patients in Poland. This study found it more prevalent in the mandible and on the left side, with tooth 35 most frequently missing.
Area of Science:
- Dentistry
- Orthodontics
- Genetics
Background:
- Hypodontia, the congenital absence of teeth, presents significant esthetic and functional challenges.
- The incidence of hypodontia has shown an increasing trend between 1939 and 1993.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence and characteristics of hypodontia in a Polish orthodontic patient cohort.
- To identify patterns in the location and type of missing teeth.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of orthopantomograms and medical records from 674 orthodontic patients (aged 6-15).
- Exclusion of deciduous and wisdom teeth from the analysis.
- Recording of gender, location, number, and type of missing tooth buds.
Main Results:
- Hypodontia was observed in 11.6% of patients (7.6% girls, 4% boys).
- The mandible was more frequently affected (44.9%) than the maxilla (28.2%).
- Left-sided hypodontia (37.2%) was significantly more common than right-sided (14.1%), with tooth 35 being the most frequently missing (13.5%).
Conclusions:
- Prevalence of hypodontia varies geographically and by sample size, highlighting a need for standardized studies in Poland.
- Early detection of hypodontia is crucial for comprehensive, interdisciplinary treatment planning.
- Hypodontia impacts over 10% of orthodontic patients, underscoring the importance of continued research.
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