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Related Concept Videos

RNA Splicing01:32

RNA Splicing

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Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
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Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
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In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
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In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 2, 2026

A Reporter Based Cellular Assay for Monitoring Splicing Efficiency
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RNA Splicing by the Spliceosome.

Max E Wilkinson1, Clément Charenton1, Kiyoshi Nagai1

  • 1MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, United Kingdom; email: mwilkin@mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk, ccharent@mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk.

Annual Review of Biochemistry
|December 4, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The spliceosome, a complex molecular machine, precisely removes introns from pre-mRNA. This review details the splicing mechanism, illustrating the intricate choreography of RNA processing with videos.

Keywords:
RNA catalysiscryo-EMcryo–electron microscopycrystallographyhelicasespre-mRNA splicingspliceosome

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • RNA Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The spliceosome is a large and dynamic molecular machine responsible for removing introns from precursor messenger RNA (pre-mRNA).
  • Decades of research in biochemistry and genetics, complemented by recent structural studies, have elucidated the intricate mechanism of splicing.
  • Understanding the spliceosome's function is crucial for comprehending gene expression and its regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a clear and understandable explanation of the spliceosome's splicing mechanism.
  • To visually illustrate the complex steps of splicing using videos.
  • To synthesize current knowledge on spliceosome function for a broad scientific audience.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature in biochemistry, genetics, and structural biology.
  • Compilation and integration of data from various experimental approaches.
  • Creation of illustrative videos depicting the spliceosome's dynamic actions.

Main Results:

  • Detailed step-by-step description of the splicing process, from intron recognition to lariat formation.
  • Identification of key molecular players, including U1, U2, U4/U6.U5 small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs).
  • Explanation of the catalytic active site formed by U6 and U2 snRNAs and its role in phosphodiester bond formation.

Conclusions:

  • Splicing is a highly orchestrated process involving precise conformational changes within the spliceosome.
  • The RNA-based active site is central to catalysis, utilizing metal ions for splicing reactions.
  • This review provides a comprehensive and accessible overview of spliceosome-mediated pre-mRNA splicing.