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Atherosclerosis I: Introduction01:30

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Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...
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Related Experiment Video

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A Human Ex Vivo Atherosclerotic Plaque Model to Study Lesion Biology
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S100 proteins in atherosclerosis.

Xuan Xiao1, Chen Yang2, Shun-Lin Qu2

  • 1Research Lab for Clinical & Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China; Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China; Departments of Clinical Medicine, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China.

Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry
|December 4, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

S100 proteins like S100A12 contribute to atherosclerosis by promoting vascular inflammation and calcification. Inhibiting S100 proteins and their receptors (RAGE, TLR4) may offer new treatments for this arterial disease.

Keywords:
AtherosclerosisRAGES100A12S100A8S100A9

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Inflammation Research
  • Molecular Medicine

Background:

  • Atherosclerosis is an arterial disease driven by chronic inflammation, dyslipidemia, calcification, and oxidative stress.
  • S100 proteins, released during cellular stress, bind to receptors like RAGE and TLR-4, exacerbating vascular inflammation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • This review summarizes the roles of S100 proteins (S100A8, S100A9, S100A12) in vascular inflammation, calcification, and oxidative stress.
  • It explores S100 proteins as potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers in atherosclerosis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review summarizing existing research on S100 proteins in atherosclerosis.
  • Analysis of S100 protein interactions with RAGE and TLR-4 and downstream signaling pathways.

Main Results:

  • S100 proteins activate NF-κB and ROS production via RAGE, creating a pro-inflammatory feedback loop.
  • Serum S100A12 shows potential as a biomarker for cardiovascular events and therapeutic efficacy in coronary heart disease.

Conclusions:

  • Inhibiting S100 protein-mediated RAGE and TLR4 activation is a promising therapeutic strategy for atherosclerosis.
  • S100 proteins represent a potential drug target for preventing and treating atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease.