Simultaneous Temperature and Strain Measurements Using Polarization-Maintaining Few-Mode Bragg Gratings

Simultaneous measurement of temperature and strain was demonstrated using a polarization-maintaining few-mode Bragg grating (PM-FMF-FBG) based on the wavelength and phase modulation of the even L P 11 mode. The wavelength shift sensitivity and the interrogated phase sensitivity of the temperature and strain were measured to be 10 pm·°C^-1 and 0.73 pm·με^-1 and -3.2 × 10^-2 rad·°C^-1 and 4 × 10^-4 rad·με^-1, respectively, with a discrimination efficiency of 98%. The polarization interference led to selective polarization excitation of the reflection spectra, and the calculated phase sensitivity agreed with the experimental results.