Calibration of the Pulse Signal Decay Effect of Full-Waveform Hyperspectral LiDAR

Full-waveform hyperspectral LiDAR (FWHSL) is able to obtain spectral and spatial information by utilizing a single instrument, and it has become more and more commonly used in vertical distribution studies of structural and biochemical characteristics of vegetation. However, the pulse-echo arrival times of multiple spectral channels of the FWHSL are not consistent and this causes range ambiguity in spectral channels. In this paper, the pulse signal decay effect on range measurements was studied by measuring the varying trends of pulse signal decay between spectral channels with different material properties. The experiments were repeated at different distances. All of the spectral channels were compared for different materials. The results suggest that the channels in the red edge spectral region of vegetation have good stability and accuracy for range measurements of varied distance and materials properties. Finally, based on the geometric invariability in a specific red edge channel, a practical calibration approach for the pulse signal decay effect is also presented. The validation tests showed it could improve the pulse signal decay effect of full-waveform hyperspectral LiDAR.