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Structured medical electives: a concept whose time has come?

Chris Willott1, Eva Khair2, Roger Worthington3

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|December 5, 2019
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Structured international medical electives offer significant benefits over unstructured programs. Enhanced organization and oversight by medical schools can improve outcomes for students and institutions, addressing ethical concerns and voluntourism.

Keywords:
CurriculumElectiveEthicsGlobal healthStructured elective

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Area of Science:

  • Global Health Education
  • Medical Ethics
  • International Medical Training

Background:

  • International medical electives are often unstructured, leading to negative outcomes for students and institutions.
  • Problems include differing ethical contexts and 'voluntourism,' where students benefit more than host institutions.
  • These issues reflect global North-South inequalities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the problems associated with unstructured international medical electives.
  • To describe the advantages of structured elective experiences with institutional oversight.
  • To propose recommendations for improving medical electives.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of existing unstructured and structured international medical elective programs.
  • Identification of key problems including ethical disparities and voluntourism.
  • Examination of institutional relationships and global inequalities.

Main Results:

  • Structured programs, like those at the Medical School for International Health and University of Dundee, offer pre-departure training, in-program support, and post-elective debriefing.
  • These structured programs emphasize long-term institutional engagement and reciprocity.
  • Key issues identified are ethical context differences and the 'voluntourism' phenomenon.

Conclusions:

  • More structured elective programs can effectively address the shortcomings of current medical electives.
  • Medical schools, particularly in the UK, should consider developing structured programs.
  • Alternatively, enhancing pre-departure training curricula is recommended if structured programs are not feasible.