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Related Concept Videos

Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

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Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing...
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Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 2, 2026

The Use of a &#946;-lactamase-based Conductimetric Biosensor Assay to Detect Biomolecular Interactions
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Non-β-Lactam Antibiotic Hypersensitivity Reactions.

Lisa Grinlington1,2, Sharon Choo3, Noel Cranswick1,4,5

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Many children suspected of non-β-lactam antibiotic allergy can be safely delabeled after allergy evaluation. Early allergy testing is crucial for preserving essential first-line antibiotics in pediatric care.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
  • Clinical Pharmacology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Non-β-lactam antibiotics (NBLAs) are frequently prescribed to children.
  • Data on NBLA hypersensitivity reactions and allergy evaluations in pediatric populations are limited.
  • This study addresses the need for better understanding of NBLA allergy in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe reported hypersensitivity reactions to NBLAs in children.
  • To report the outcomes of allergy evaluations for suspected NBLA hypersensitivity.
  • To assess the rate of successful delabeling of NBLA allergy in pediatric patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of children undergoing allergy evaluations for suspected NBLA hypersensitivity.
  • Inclusion criteria: children with suspected NBLA allergy undergoing skin testing and/or oral challenge tests (OCT) between May 2011 and June 2018.
  • Exclusion criteria: patients over 18 years or those not completing evaluation.

Main Results:

  • 150 allergy evaluations for 15 different NBLAs were conducted in 141 children over 7 years.
  • 18.0% of NBLA challenge tests were positive, with highest rates for trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (32.6%) and macrolides (10.4%).
  • 80% of children with suspected NBLA allergy were successfully delabeled, with most positive challenges showing similar symptoms on repeat testing.

Conclusions:

  • A significant proportion of children with suspected NBLA allergy can be safely delabeled.
  • The median delay to allergy evaluation was 1.9 years, highlighting a need for timely access.
  • Prompt allergy evaluations are essential to avoid unnecessary avoidance of first-line antibiotics.