[Antibiotic prophylaxis in prostatic surgery: Adherence to the hospital protocol. Prospective cohort study.]

To assess the adherence to the antibiotic prophylaxis protocol in patients undergoing prostate surgery and evaluate the effect of antibiotic prophylaxis on surgical site infections (SSI).

A prospective cohort study was carried out between January 2009 and September 2016. The global compliance with the antibiotic prophylaxis protocol was evaluated studying the items: time of onset, route of administration, antibiotic prescribed, duration and dose. Percentages of adequacy are described. The incidence of infection was calculated after 30 days of follow-up. Relationship between the adequacy to the protocol and the surgical site infection are described with the relative risk. RESULTS: A total of 595 patients were studied. The global adequacy was 93.8%. The leading cause of inadequacy was the time of onset 3%. The incidence of surgical site infection was 1%. No relationship between the inadequacy of antibiotic prophylaxis and surgical site infection (RR=1.1%; 95%CI: 1.0-1.2) was found. No relationship between the procedure (laparoscopic or open surgery) and surgical site infection (RR=0.4%; 95%CI: 0.1-1.9) was found.

The adequacy of antibiotic prophylaxis was high. The incidence of surgical site infection was low and compliance of antibiotic prophylaxis contributes to diminish surgical site infection incidence.