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Ethanol, a clear colorless alcohol, has been consumed by humans for millennia, but its effects on the body are far from benign. At lower doses, it induces decreased inhibitions and loquaciousness, leading to its social appeal. However, it can cause severe consequences at higher doses, such as coma and respiratory depression, due to its zero-order elimination kinetics. Chronic ethanol abuse wreaks havoc on multiple organ systems, particularly the CNS and the liver. Abrupt cessation of ethanol...
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Acidity and Basicity of Alcohols and Phenols02:36

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Alcohols (R-OH) ionize to lose one non-bonded electron from the oxygen atom, forming molecular ions. Due to their tendency to fragment rapidly, the intensity of the molecular ion peak in the mass spectrum is weak or sometimes absent. The fragmentation patterns for alcohols occur in two ways, i.e. ⍺-cleavage and dehydration. During ⍺-cleavage, the bond at the ⍺-position adjacent to the hydroxyl group cleaves to give a resonance-stabilized cation and a radical. However, intramolecular...
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Human blood is classified into different types based on the presence of antigens on the red blood cell's surface and antibodies in the plasma. Proper identification of blood type is essential for successful blood transfusion. The International Society of Blood Transfusion has identified 38 human blood types based on the surface antigens on the red blood cells. The most common types are ABO, Rh, and MNS blood types.
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Gender and Alcoholic Subtypes.

Frances K Del Boca1, Michie N Hesselbrock1

  • 1Frances K. Del Boca, Ph.D., formerly an assistant professor in the Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut Medical School, Farmington, Connecticut, is now at the Psychology Department, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida. Michie N. Hesselbrock, Ph.D., is a professor at the University of Connecticut School of Social Work, West Hartford, Connecticut.

Alcohol Health and Research World
|December 5, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gender differences in alcoholism are minimal in mild or severe cases but emerge in moderate cases. Men and women with moderate alcoholism differ in co-occurring conditions and reasons for drinking, suggesting tailored treatments may be needed.

Keywords:
AOD dependenceantisocial personality disorderanxiety statecomorbiditydisease severitydisorder classificationemotional and psychiatric depressionetiologygender differencesinterventionpatient-treatment matchingresearch

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
  • Addiction Research
  • Gender Studies in Health

Background:

  • Historically, alcohol research has focused more on men than women.
  • Understanding gender-specific patterns in alcoholism etiology and severity is crucial.
  • The utility of gender as a factor in alcoholism subtyping remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate potential gender differences in alcoholism characteristics.
  • To explore variations in etiology, severity, and co-occurring psychopathology between male and female alcoholics.
  • To determine if gender influences the relationship between alcoholism subtypes and drinking motivations.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of a sample comprising both male and female individuals diagnosed with alcoholism.
  • Application of multiple statistical methods to compare patient profiles.
  • Examination of character profiles, etiologies, co-occurring psychopathologies, and drinking motivations.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences were found between men and women with mild or severe alcoholism regarding character profiles and etiologies.
  • Significant gender differences emerged in moderately severe alcoholism.
  • Women and men with moderately severe alcoholism differed in co-occurring psychopathologies (e.g., depression, antisocial personality) and the extent to which they drank to cope with conditions like boredom.

Conclusions:

  • Gender may be a relevant factor in differentiating alcoholism subtypes, particularly in moderately severe cases.
  • Findings suggest that individualized alcoholism treatment approaches may be more effective for men and women with moderately severe alcoholism.
  • Further research is needed to validate these findings and their applicability to the general population.