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Spirochetes, unique bacteria in the phylum Spirochaetes, are gram-negative, motile, tightly coiled, slender, and flexible. They inhabit aquatic sediments and animals, with some causing diseases like syphilis. Spirochetes are classified into eight genera based on habitat, pathogenicity, phylogeny, and characteristics.Their distinctive motility arises from endoflagella, located within the cell’s periplasm. These endoflagella anchor at the cell poles and extend along the cell length, encased...
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Bacterial Phylum Firmicutes01:27

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Firmicutes is a diverse phylum of Gram-positive bacteria characterized by a low GC content in their genomes. This phylum includes organisms with monoderm or diderm cell envelopes, highlighting a complex evolutionary history. Firmicutes comprises several major orders, including Lactobacillales, Clostridiales, and Bacillales, which exhibit remarkable diversity in their morphology, metabolism, and ecological roles.The order Lactobacillales includes lactic acid bacteria, which are fermentative...
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The genus Simplicillium.

De-Ping Wei1,2,3,4, Dhanushka N Wanasinghe3,5, Kevin D Hyde2,4

  • 1Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.

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Summary

Two new Simplicillium species were discovered in Thailand. Simplicillium formicae was found on an ant, and Simplicillium lanosoniveum on a new host, Ophiocordyceps unilateralis, highlighting fungal diversity and biocontrol potential.

Keywords:
Thailandant funginew speciesphylogenytaxonomy

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Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Fungal Taxonomy
  • Biological Control

Background:

  • Simplicillium species are widespread fungi with diverse hosts, often associated with plant pathogens and utilized in biological control.
  • The genus Simplicillium plays a significant role in ecological interactions and has potential applications in agriculture.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and describe new Simplicillium species from Thailand.
  • To establish new host records for Simplicillium lanosoniveum.
  • To provide a comprehensive taxonomic and phylogenetic analysis of the studied specimens.

Main Methods:

  • Specimen collection in Chiang Mai Province, Thailand.
  • Initial identification using Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) gene sequences.
  • Morphological characterization and phylogenetic analyses using combined nrLSU, nrSSU, TEF, and RPB1 gene datasets.

Main Results:

  • Description of Simplicillium formicae sp. nov., characterized by flask-shaped synnemata and intercalary nodes on phialides.
  • Identification of Simplicillium lanosoniveum from Ophiocordyceps unilateralis, representing a new host record.
  • Phylogenetic analyses confirmed the distinctness of the new species and provided insights into their evolutionary relationships.

Conclusions:

  • The study expands the known diversity of the Simplicillium genus.
  • New morphological and host data contribute to the understanding of Simplicillium ecology and evolution.
  • A key to Simplicillium species is provided to aid future identification efforts.