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Related Experiment Videos

Study on melanin enhanced third harmonic generation in a live cell model.

Chi-Kuang Sun1,2,3, Wei-Min Liu1, Yi-Hua Liao4,5

  • 1Department of Electrical Engineering and Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.

Biomedical Optics Express
|December 5, 2019
PubMed
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Third harmonic generation (THG) in melanin shows a nonlinear relationship with melanin mass density (MMD) in live cells, unlike previous studies. Saturation occurs at high MMD due to multi-melanosome scattering.

Area of Science:

  • Biophotonics
  • Microscopy
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Melanin is crucial for endogenous contrast in in vivo third harmonic generation (THG) imaging of human skin.
  • Previous studies reported a linear relationship between melanin concentration and THG intensity, contradicting theoretical expectations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the origin of melanin-enhanced THG using a live cell model.
  • To clarify the relationship between melanin mass density (MMD) and THG intensity in a biologically relevant context.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a live cell model to study melanin-enhanced THG.
  • Quantified THG intensity in relation to varying melanin mass density (MMD).

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated an initial nonlinear process where THG intensity increased with the 3.5th power of MMD.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Observed a transition from resonance-enhanced THG to high-order hyper-Rayleigh scattering at MMD > 11 mg/ml.
  • Attributed THG saturation to multi-melanosome scattering within the sub-femtoliter focal volume.

    • Conclusions:

    • The relationship between melanin and THG is nonlinear in live cells, differing from previous solution-based studies.
    • Melanin-enhanced THG exhibits saturation due to complex scattering phenomena at higher concentrations.
    • This study provides a more accurate understanding of THG in melanin for biomedical imaging applications.