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Leprosy in children: a Cuban experience on leprosy control
Jenny Laura Ruiz-Fuentes1, Raisa Rumbaut Castillo2, Laura de la Caridad Hurtado Gascón3
1Bateriology and Micology Department, Pedro Kouri Tropical Medicine Institute, La Habana, Cuba.
BMJ Paediatrics Open
|December 5, 2019
Summary
Cuba diagnosed 103 childhood leprosy cases between 2000-2017, highlighting ongoing transmission. Early detection through health education and contact tracing is crucial for reducing the disease burden.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Infectious Diseases
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Childhood leprosy is a key indicator of community disease transmission and control program effectiveness.
- While not a national health issue, Cuba diagnoses new childhood leprosy cases annually.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review Cuba's experience in controlling childhood leprosy over the last 20 years.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of childhood leprosy case data in Cuba from 2000 to 2017.
- Review of case detection methods, clinical presentation, and disability rates.
Main Results:
- 103 childhood leprosy cases were diagnosed between 2000-2017 across 13 provinces.
- Most cases were multibacillary (66%), with 60% presenting with over five lesions.
- Voluntary reporting was the primary detection method; familial/extrafamilial contact indicated ongoing transmission.
Conclusions:
- Early case detection via health education, consistent multidrug therapy (MDT), and contact tracing are vital for reducing leprosy burden.
- Combined clinical surveillance and laboratory testing may enhance early childhood leprosy detection.
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