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Assessment of Social Interaction Behaviors

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Access to Alcohol: Geography and Prevention for Local Communities.

Paul J Gruenewald¹, Alexander B Millar¹, Peter Roeper¹

¹Paul J. Gruenewald, Ph.D., is senior research scientist, Alexander B. Millar, Ph.D., is senior research analyst, and Peter Roeper, Ph.D., is Community Trials Program manager at the Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Berkeley, California.

Alcohol Health and Research World

|December 5, 2019

Summary

Higher alcohol outlet density correlates with increased alcohol-related traffic crashes. Community policies should consider outlet density and its impact on public health and safety.

Keywords:

AOD availability AOD prevention alcoholic beverage sales outlet drinking and driving geographical area intervention location and density of AOD outlets societal AODR (alcohol and drug related) problems traffic accident violence

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Area of Science:

Public Health
Urban Planning
Criminology

Background:

Alcohol availability, specifically the density of alcohol-sales outlets, is associated with distinct patterns of alcohol-related motor vehicle crashes.
Community advocates frequently target reduced alcohol availability via zoning and licensing changes to mitigate issues like violence, traffic accidents, and impaired driving.

Purpose of the Study:

To inform community policymakers on assessing the effects of alcohol outlet density.
To guide the development of interventions and policies aimed at reducing alcohol-related problems.

Main Methods:

Analysis of the community "biogeography" encompassing drinkers, drinking environments, alcohol outlet locations, and problem locations.
Consideration of the impact of urban economic development on alcohol outlet growth and associated problems.

Main Results:

Geographic density of alcohol outlets is demonstrably linked to specific patterns of alcohol-related motor vehicle crashes.
Economic development in downtown areas, often leading to increased alcohol outlets, can influence alcohol-related problems in adjacent areas.

Conclusions:

Community policymakers must evaluate alcohol outlet density using a comprehensive understanding of local social and spatial dynamics.
Interventions to reduce alcohol-related harm should integrate considerations of outlet density, urban development, and the spatial relationships between people, places, and problems.