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Related Experiment Videos

Sex differences in heart failure.

Carolyn S P Lam1,2,3,4, Clare Arnott4, Anna L Beale5

  • 1National Heart Centre Singapore, 5 Hospital Drive, Singapore, Singapore.

European Heart Journal
|December 5, 2019
PubMed
Summary

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This summary is machine-generated.

Heart failure (HF) affects men and women differently. Men are more prone to HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), while women often develop HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Sex Differences in Medicine
  • Cardiovascular Research

Background:

  • Lifetime risk of heart failure (HF) is similar for men and women.
  • Significant, under-recognized sex differences exist in HF presentation, pathophysiology, and treatment response.
  • Men are predisposed to HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), while women predominantly experience HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review key sex differences in HF clinical characteristics, pathophysiology, and therapeutic responses.
  • To highlight sex-specific risk factors and conditions, including genetic cardiomyopathies and cancer treatment-related cardiomyopathy.
  • To address disparities in HF prognosis and the impact of underrepresentation of women in clinical trials.

Main Methods:

Keywords:
GenderHFpEFHFrEFHeart failurePeripartumSex differencesTakotsubo cardiomyopathy

Related Experiment Videos

  • Review of existing literature on sex differences in heart failure.
  • Analysis of clinical characteristics, pathophysiology, and treatment responses across sexes.
  • Examination of sex-specific risk factors and conditions associated with heart failure.

Main Results:

  • Men exhibit a higher risk of HFrEF, potentially linked to macrovascular coronary artery disease.
  • Women are more susceptible to HFpEF, possibly due to coronary microvascular dysfunction and inflammation.
  • Sex-specific conditions like peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) and Takotsubo cardiomyopathy are more prevalent in women.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding sex differences is crucial for effective heart failure management.
  • Underrepresentation of women in HF clinical trials leads to male-biased treatment guidelines.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate sex-specific HF mechanisms and optimize therapies for women.