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Advanced quantitative estimation methods for spasticity: a literature review.

Zichong Luo1, Wai Leung Ambrose Lo2, Ruihao Bian2

  • 1Department of Electromechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau, China.

The Journal of International Medical Research
|December 6, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Post-stroke spasticity negatively impacts patient quality of life. New laboratory methods using surface electromyography, biomechanics, and myotonometry offer quantitative assessment of neural and non-neural factors, surpassing limitations of current clinical scales.

Keywords:
Post-stroke spasticitybiomechanicalmyotonometryquantitative assessmentreviewsurface electromyogram

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Rehabilitation Medicine
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Post-stroke spasticity significantly diminishes patient quality of life.
  • Existing clinical scales (e.g., Modified Ashworth Scale, Modified Tardieu Scale) for spasticity lack reliability and reproducibility.
  • Current scales cannot differentiate between neural and non-neural contributions to spasticity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and discuss laboratory-based measurement methods for post-stroke spasticity.
  • To highlight the potential of quantitative assessment in understanding spasticity.
  • To compare the utility of laboratory methods with traditional clinical scales.

Main Methods:

  • Surface electromyography (sEMG) for neural information.
  • Myotonometry for assessing muscular properties.
  • Biomechanical measurements for estimating both neural and non-neural contributions.

Main Results:

  • Surface electromyography provides insights into neural components of spasticity.
  • Myotonometry quantifies non-neural, muscular properties.
  • Biomechanical methods integrate neural and non-neural data for a comprehensive assessment.
  • Laboratory methods offer quantitative data, unlike subjective clinical scales.

Conclusions:

  • Laboratory methods like sEMG, myotonometry, and biomechanics provide quantitative assessments of post-stroke spasticity.
  • These methods can distinguish between neural and non-neural factors.
  • Quantitative laboratory assessments offer superior information for treatment and rehabilitation research compared to current clinical scales.