Management of traumatic injury prevention in sports training and competition

The paper had as an applicative objective the epidemiological analysis of the appearance of traumatic injuries in athletes during competitions and trainings. In the period the athletes have been followed (one year), 426 traumatic injuries have been registered in 87 athletes who were analyzed in the study. Most of them were mild injuries, to which recovery has been made quite rapidly. The knee was the most affected of the joints, followed by the joints of the fingers from the hand, the ankle and hip. Moreover, the distribution of the cases of traumatic injuries was followed, as it was done according to the way they happened: by direct traumatism (collision with another player, with the ball or the ground due to a fall) or by mechanic overload with indirect injuries (stress injuries, including muscular eccentric/ plyometric contractions). Most of the traumatic injuries are recurrent, this fact being explained by the raise in the vulnerability of the affected segment when exposed to traumatic agents, probably because of some insufficient processes of recovery or/ and the early resumption of physical activity. The prevention of traumatic injuries in sports is based on the following: ➢a good physical preparation and an optimum adaptation of the organism to the specific physical effort in this sports field;➢avoiding excessive training (of the overtraining)➢an environment which assures the security of the athletes;➢an optimum recovery of the previous injuries;➢a specialized observation of the sports activity;➢strengthening the security rules and mastering the adequate technique;➢quality medical-sports selection and the biological preparation for the contest;➢quality management of the sports activity.