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Related Concept Videos

Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management

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Aortic regurgitation (AR) is when the aortic valve does not close or seal properly, leading to backward blood circulation from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole. Common causes of AR include rheumatic heart disease, congenital valve defects, and aortic root dilation. Managing AR requires a multifaceted approach to alleviate symptoms, preserve left ventricular function, and address the underlying cause of the regurgitation. Patients with symptomatic AR or significant left...
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Calcium-Scoring CT ScanA calcium-scoring CT scan, also known as coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries. This test assesses the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to cardiovascular events such as angina, heart failure, and sudden cardiac arrest.A calcium-scoring CT scan is generally recommended for individuals at intermediate risk of CAD without symptoms. It includes:Men aged 40-75 and women aged 50-75: Especially those with a...
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IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...
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Risk Stratification for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement.

Abdul Ahad Khan1, Ghulam Murtaza1, Muhammad F Khalid1

  • 1Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA.

Cardiology Research
|December 6, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Risk assessment models for cardiac surgery can be inaccurate due to data limitations. This review focuses on improving risk stratification for severe aortic stenosis patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement.

Keywords:
Risk assessment modelRisk stratificationSociety of Thoracic Surgeons Predicted Risk of MortalitySurgical aortic valve replacementTranscatheter aortic valve replacement

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Medical Informatics
  • Biostatistics

Background:

  • Risk assessment models are crucial for clinical decision-making in cardiac surgery.
  • Models derived from databases have inherent limitations affecting outcome predictions, particularly mortality.
  • Variability exists across models due to patient populations, statistical methods, and development periods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the development and application of risk assessment models in cardiac surgery.
  • To emphasize risk stratification for severe aortic stenosis (AS) patients.
  • To guide patient selection for transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of risk assessment models in cardiac surgery.
  • Analysis of factors contributing to model variability.
  • Focus on risk stratification strategies for severe AS.

Main Results:

  • Existing models may overestimate or underestimate outcomes in specific patient groups.
  • Data quality and model development methodologies significantly impact reliability.
  • Effective risk stratification is vital for optimal TAVR candidate selection.

Conclusions:

  • Refining risk assessment models is essential for accurate clinical decision-making in cardiac surgery.
  • Improved risk stratification can enhance patient selection for TAVR in severe AS.
  • Addressing model limitations is key to improving patient outcomes.