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Procedural memory in infancy: Evidence from implicit sequence learning in an eye-tracking paradigm.

Felix-Sebastian Koch1, Anett Sundqvist1, Ulrika Birberg Thornberg1

  • 1Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden.

Journal of Experimental Child Psychology
|December 6, 2019
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Summary

This study adapted the serial reaction time (SRT) task for infants, revealing procedural memory development. Infants as young as nine months demonstrated sequence learning, similar to adults, using eye movements.

Keywords:
Eye trackingInfancyMemory developmentProcedural memorySequence learningSerial reaction time task

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Procedural memory, crucial for skills and habits, is typically assessed via the serial reaction time (SRT) task.
  • Infant motor control limitations have historically hindered the study of procedural memory in early development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate procedural memory in infants using an adapted SRT task.
  • To establish a sensitive measure for assessing sequence learning in 9-month-old infants.

Main Methods:

  • An adapted SRT task was administered to infants (n=35) and adults (n=31).
  • Participants viewed images appearing in a recurring sequence, with eye movement saccade latencies recorded as a measure of reaction time.
  • The protocol was designed to be brief, under 3 minutes.

Main Results:

  • Both infants and adults exhibited sequence learning, indicated by increased saccade latencies during a random block compared to sequential blocks.
  • This pattern demonstrates that 9-month-old infants can learn sequences in an SRT task.

Conclusions:

  • The adapted SRT task successfully measured procedural memory and sequence learning in 9-month-old infants.
  • This protocol offers a novel and promising method for assessing infant procedural memory.