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A current-mode system to self-measure temperature on implantable optoelectronics.
Fahimeh Dehkhoda1, Ahmed Soltan2, Nikhil Ponon3
1School of Engineering, Institute for Integrated Micro and Nano Systems, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3JL, UK. f.dehkhoda@ed.ac.uk.
Biomedical Engineering Online
|December 7, 2019
Summary
This study presents a novel LED-based temperature sensor for implantable optoelectronics. The developed CMOS circuit ensures stable bias and accurate temperature monitoring, crucial for medical device safety.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Microelectronics
- Optoelectronics
Background:
- Implantable optoelectronics face challenges with heat generated by light-emitting diodes (LEDs).
- Medical regulations limit surface temperature changes of implants to below +2°C.
- LED reverse current can monitor temperature but requires stable bias voltage.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop an area-efficient LED-based temperature sensor for implantable devices.
- To overcome the challenge of stable bias voltage for LED temperature sensing.
- To ensure accurate temperature monitoring for optogenetic applications.
Main Methods:
- Developed an LED-based temperature sensor utilizing the LED as its own sensor.
- Designed a CMOS electronic circuit interface with a second-generation current conveyor (CCII) for stable bias and current measurement.
- Implemented the circuit in 0.35 μm CMOS technology.
Main Results:
- Experimental characterization and testing in saline tissue models demonstrated functionality.
- The CCII-based technique achieved an operational frequency up to 130 kHz.
- A temperature resolution of 0.2°C was achieved for surface temperatures up to +45°C.
Conclusions:
- A robust CMOS current-mode sensor interface with a reliable CCII was developed.
- The sensor is low-power and robust against power supply ripple and transistor mismatch.
- Feasibility for monitoring tissue surface temperature in optogenetics was confirmed through characterization and in vivo experiments.
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