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Related Concept Videos

Semiconductors01:22

Semiconductors

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There is variation in the electrical conductivity of materials - metals, semiconductors, and insulators that are showcased with the help of the energy band diagrams.
Metals such as copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), or lead (Pb) have low resistivity and feature conduction bands that are either not fully occupied or overlap with the valence band, making a bandgap non-existent. This allows electrons in the highest energy levels of the valence band to easily transition to the conduction band upon gaining...
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Types of Semiconductors01:20

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Intrinsic semiconductors are highly pure materials with no impurities. At absolute zero, these semiconductors behave as perfect insulators because all the valence electrons are bound, and the conduction band is empty, disallowing electrical conduction. The Fermi level is a concept used to describe the probability of occupancy of energy levels by electrons at thermal equilibrium. In intrinsic semiconductors, the Fermi level is positioned at the midpoint of the energy gap at absolute zero. When...
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Metal-Semiconductor Junctions01:24

Metal-Semiconductor Junctions

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The contact of metal and semiconductor can lead to the formation of a junction with either Schottky or Ohmic behavior.
Schottky Barriers
Schottky barriers arise when a metal with a work function (Φm) contacts a semiconductor with a different work function (Φs). Initially, electrons transfer until the Fermi levels of the metal and semiconductor align at equilibrium. For instance, if Φm > Φs, the semiconductor Fermi level is higher than the metal's before contact. The...
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Fermi Level Dynamics01:12

Fermi Level Dynamics

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The vacuum level denotes the energy threshold required for an electron to escape from a material surface. It is usually positioned above the conduction band of a semiconductor and acts as a benchmark for comparing electron energies within various materials.
Electron affinity in semiconductors refers to the energy gap between the minimum of its conduction band and the vacuum level and it is a critical parameter in determining how easily a semiconductor can accept additional electrons.
The work...
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A Simple and Scalable Fabrication Method for Organic Electronic Devices on Textiles
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Stretchable and Fully Degradable Semiconductors for Transient Electronics.

Helen Tran1, Vivian Rachel Feig1, Kathy Liu1

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Department of Material Science and Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States.

ACS Central Science
|December 7, 2019
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a fully degradable semiconductor for stretchable electronics. This new material maintains stable electrical performance under strain, paving the way for temporary biodegradable devices.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Organic Electronics
  • Polymer Chemistry

Background:

  • Organic stretchable electronics require fully degradable semiconductors.
  • Existing materials lack stable electrical performance under strain and full degradability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel semiconducting material with intrinsic stretchability and full degradability.
  • To decouple the design of stretchability and transient behavior in electronic materials.

Main Methods:

  • Harmonizing polymer physics principles and molecular design.
  • Designing acid-labile semiconducting polymers.
  • Phase segregation within a biodegradable elastomer to form semiconducting nanofibers.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a material with semiconductivity, intrinsic stretchability, and full degradability.
  • Achieved strain-independent transistor mobilities.
  • Enabled controlled transience through acid-labile polymer design.

Conclusions:

  • The developed degradable semiconductor is a significant advance for skin-inspired electronic devices.
  • Potential applications include temporary internal diagnostic/therapeutic devices and environmental monitors.
  • Further development in conductors and device integration will enable fully biodegradable electronics.