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Updated: Jan 2, 2026

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator
Published on: January 28, 2019
Complete Characterization of Phase and Amplitude of Bichromatic Extreme Ultraviolet Light
Michele Di Fraia1, Oksana Plekan1, Carlo Callegari1
1Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy.
Abstract:
Intense, mutually coherent beams of multiharmonic extreme ultraviolet light can now be created using seeded free-electron lasers, and the phase difference between harmonics can be tuned with attosecond accuracy. However, the absolute value of the phase is generally not determined. We present a method for determining precisely the absolute phase relationship of a fundamental wavelength and its second harmonic, as well as the amplitude ratio. Only a few easily calculated theoretical parameters are required in addition to the experimental data.
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