Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 2, 2026
07:28
Donor Posterior Atrial Flap Rotation for Left Atrial Cuff Reconstruction in Lung Transplantation
Published on: October 11, 2024
651
Changes in Pulmonary Function in Patients With Advanced Heart Failure Listed for Heart Transplantation
J M Domínguez1, B Keller1, J Moisés2
1Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Transplantation Proceedings
|December 8, 2019
Summary
Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) are common in heart transplant (HT) candidates. Impaired forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) significantly increases mortality risk after HT.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Pulmonology
- Transplantation Medicine
Background:
- Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) are frequently abnormal in advanced heart failure patients.
- Limited data exists on the impact of PFT abnormalities on survival post-heart transplantation (HT).
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence and types of PFT abnormalities in patients awaiting HT.
- To evaluate the association between pre-HT PFT results and post-transplant survival outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of a prospective registry of 83 consecutive HT patients (2012-2018).
- Patients categorized into obstructive, nonobstructive, restrictive, or normal PFT patterns based on FVC and FEV1/FVC ratios.
- Analysis included prevalence of reduced diffusing capacity and FEV1 < 70%; high-urgency and referred patients excluded.
Main Results:
- Obstructive (34.9%), nonobstructive (24.1%), and restrictive (21.7%) PFT patterns were prevalent.
- 61.4% had FEV1 < 70% and 69.9% had reduced carbon monoxide diffusing capacity.
- Impaired FEV1 (<70%) was significantly associated with higher post-HT mortality (P=0.008).
Conclusions:
- PFT alterations are highly prevalent among patients on the HT waiting list.
- Reduced FEV1 is a significant predictor of worse outcomes following heart transplantation.
Related Concept Videos
01:25Pulmonary Function Tests
676
Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs)
Pulmonary Function Tests are crucial diagnostic tools for assessing respiratory function, particularly in patients with chronic respiratory disorders. They comprehensively evaluate lung volumes, ventilatory function, breathing mechanics, diffusion, and gas exchange. These tests help diagnose pulmonary diseases and play a significant role in monitoring disease progression, evaluating disability, and assessing response to therapy.
PFTs involve using a spirometer, a...
Pulmonary Function Tests are crucial diagnostic tools for assessing respiratory function, particularly in patients with chronic respiratory disorders. They comprehensively evaluate lung volumes, ventilatory function, breathing mechanics, diffusion, and gas exchange. These tests help diagnose pulmonary diseases and play a significant role in monitoring disease progression, evaluating disability, and assessing response to therapy.
PFTs involve using a spirometer, a...
676
01:22Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies
216
Additional therapies for treating patients with heart failure (HF) may include procedural interventions, supplemental oxygen, the management of sleep disorders, and nutritional therapy.Procedural InterventionsImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator: For patients at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias due to severe left ventricular dysfunction, an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) can detect and terminate these arrhythmias, preventing sudden cardiac death and improving survival rates.
216
01:17Pathophysiology of Heart Failure
2.6K
Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
2.6K
01:26Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations
397
Heart failure (HF) manifests primarily as dyspnea, fatigue, and fluid retention, resulting in peripheral and pulmonary edema. Symptoms may vary depending on which ventricle is more affected, left or right.Left-Sided Heart FailureAlso known as left ventricular failure, this condition results from the left ventricle's inability to fill or eject sufficient blood into the systemic circulation. It leads to pulmonary congestion, which occurs when the left ventricle fails to eject blood effectively...
397
01:30Heart Failure VII: Nursing Interventions
378
The first step in nursing management of a patient with heart failure involves thoroughly assessing the patient's medical history.Subjective Data: Obtain the patient's medical history of coronary artery disease, hypertension, myocardial infarction, and symptoms like dyspnea, orthopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea.Objective Data: Conduct a physical examination to identify findings such as jugular vein distention, pulmonary crackles, tachycardia, murmurs, peripheral edema, and vital signs,...
378
01:28Kidney Transplant I: Introduction
286
A kidney transplant is a surgical approach that involves replacing a non-functioning kidney with a healthy one from a donor. This procedure is often a treatment option for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The method requires careful recipient selection, including evaluating various medical and psychosocial factors. These criteria vary between transplant centers but generally include assessments of the patient's overall health, adherence to medical recommendations, and lifestyle...
286