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Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route01:29

Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route

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The parenteral route is a critical method of drug administration. It delivers compounds directly into the systemic circulation and bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. This approach is particularly advantageous for drugs that exhibit poor absorption or instability when administered orally.
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Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Intermittent IV Infusions01:24

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Intermittent intravenous (IV) infusion is a method of drug administration where medications are delivered over short infusion periods followed by intervals of no drug delivery. This approach helps to prevent sustained high drug concentrations in the bloodstream, reducing the risk of adverse effects associated with prolonged exposure. Unlike continuous infusion, steady-state concentrations may not be achieved during a single dosing cycle but can be reached through repeated...
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Drug regulation encompasses the management of drug usage by evaluating its safety and efficacy through assessments conducted by regulatory authorities. Regrettably, the history of drug regulation is marred by several catastrophic events. One such incident is the Elixir Sulfanilamide tragedy, in which the toxic compound diethyl glycol was included in a sweet-tasting medication, leading to numerous fatalities. This event prompted the enactment of the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act in 1938. Under...
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Drug Control Governance: Regulatory Bodies and Their Impact01:03

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Drug control governance involves the oversight and regulation of pharmaceuticals to ensure their safety and efficacy while preventing illegal drug use and trafficking. Regulatory bodies, including the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Union's European Medicines Agency (EMA), play a central role in this process. These agencies evaluate the safety and efficacy of drugs before they can be marketed. They fund clinical trials and assess the benefits and risks associated with...
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Drug Delivery: Overview01:16

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The selection of a drug's delivery route depends upon its physicochemical properties, including lipid or water solubility and ionization, as well as the therapeutic requirement, such as immediate or sustained effect. These routes can be divided into three primary categories: enteral, parenteral, and topical.
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Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Repetitive IV Injections01:21

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Calculating drug dosage and accumulation in multiple-dose regimens is crucial for achieving therapeutic efficacy while avoiding toxicity. This involves determining the plasma drug concentrations over time to optimize dosing schedules. The principle of superposition is fundamental in this process, allowing for the prediction of drug concentration in plasma following multiple doses based on single-dose data.The principle of superposition asserts that the plasma concentration-time curves from...
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Third Consensus Development Conference on the Safety of Intravenous Drug Delivery Systems-2018.

Michael Gabay1, John B Hertig2, Dan Degnan3

  • 1Drug Information Group, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Pharmacy, Chicago, IL.

American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy : AJHP : Official Journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists
|December 8, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Manufacturer ready-to-use intravenous drug delivery systems are safest, offering benefits with low risk. Key threats to safety include drug shortages and lack of standardization, requiring improved healthcare practices.

Keywords:
drug administrationdrug compoundingdrug safetyintravenous infusionpharmacy administration

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Area of Science:

  • Healthcare Safety
  • Medication Management
  • Pharmacy Practice

Background:

  • The Third Consensus Conference on the Safety of Intravenous Drug Delivery Systems convened to assess current systems and emerging risks.
  • An expert panel and healthcare leaders discussed drug shortages, standardization, and patient safety perspectives.

Framework:

  • The conference evaluated benefits and risks of available intravenous drug delivery systems.
  • Expert discussions focused on enhancing medication quality and safety in sterile compounding and pharmacy operations.

Implementation:

  • An expert panel, comprising specialists in pharmacy, nursing, and IT, led the conference.
  • Healthcare leaders provided feedback through surveys and direct engagement during the event.

Implications:

  • Manufacturer ready-to-use products are identified as the safest option due to their benefits and low risk.
  • Drug shortages and lack of product standardization are significant threats to intravenous drug delivery safety.
  • The conference produced statements aimed at advancing intravenous drug delivery safety within healthcare institutions.