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Related Experiment Video

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Experimental Quantification of Interactions Between Drug Delivery Systems and Cells In Vitro: A Guide for Preclinical Nanomedicine Evaluation

Experimental Quantification of Interactions Between Drug Delivery Systems and Cells In Vitro: A Guide for Preclinical Nanomedicine Evaluation

Published on: September 28, 2022

Assessing two-way interactions between cells and inorganic nanoparticles.

C Cristallini¹, N Barbani^2,3, S Bianchi⁴

¹Institute for Chemical and Physical Processes, IPCF ss Pisa, CNR, c/o Largo Lucio Lazzarino, 56126, Pisa, Italy. caterina.cristallini@cnr.it.

Journal of Materials Science. Materials in Medicine

|December 8, 2019

Summary

This study investigated interactions between inorganic nanomaterials (INMs) and lung cancer cells. Silica INMs showed no toxicity, while zinc oxide INMs exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxicity and cellular changes, highlighting the need for rigorous nanomaterial safety assessments.

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Area of Science:

Nanomaterial science
Cell biology
Biomedical engineering

Background:

Understanding nanoparticle-cell interactions is crucial for safe applications in medicine.
Inorganic nanomaterials (INMs) require thorough evaluation of their biological impact.
A549 human lung carcinoma cells provide a relevant model for studying nanomaterial-cell interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the two-way interactions between silica and zinc oxide INMs and A549 lung carcinoma cells.
To evaluate the effects of INMs on cell viability, chemistry, and volume.
To assess the impact of cells and culture medium on INM properties.

Main Methods:

Dynamic light scattering (DLS) for particle size and stability.
Scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) for surface analysis.
High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) for chemical characterization.

Main Results:

Silica INMs showed no cytotoxicity; zinc oxide INMs exhibited reduced cell survival at high doses and increased cell volume.
DLS indicated better homogeneity and stability for silica INMs compared to zinc oxide INMs.
FTIR revealed chemical modifications in cellular phospholipids, nucleic acids, and proteins upon exposure to zinc oxide INMs.

Conclusions:

The study underscores the differential biological responses to silica and zinc oxide INMs.
Zinc oxide INMs may pose risks due to cytotoxicity and induced cellular changes.
Advanced characterization techniques are essential for a comprehensive understanding of nanomaterial biosafety.