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Drones: Innovative Technology for Use in Precision Pest Management.

Fernando H Iost Filho1, Wieke B Heldens2, Zhaodan Kong3

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Summary

Early detection of arthropod pest outbreaks is crucial for sustainable agriculture. Small drones equipped with sensors and sprayers offer a novel, non-invasive approach to monitor crops and apply targeted treatments, improving pest management strategies.

Keywords:
biological controlintegrated pest managementprecision agricultureremote sensingunmanned aerial system

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Ecology
  • Robotics

Background:

  • Arthropod pest outbreaks are unpredictable, making timely detection and treatment challenging for effective pest management.
  • Current pest monitoring methods are often time-consuming and lack cost-effective sampling techniques, hindering sustainable agriculture.
  • Plant physiological responses to pest herbivory alter leaf reflectance, offering potential for non-invasive detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the potential of advanced imaging technologies, particularly small unmanned aerial robots (drones), for crop monitoring and pest management.
  • To highlight the need for improved crop monitoring procedures to enhance the sustainability of pest management in modern agriculture.
  • To explore the integration of sensing and actuation technologies for precision application of pest control solutions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on advanced imaging technologies and drone applications in agriculture.
  • Focus on the use of small drones for sensing canopy reflectance and guiding actuation drones for targeted treatments.
  • Discussion of the integration of sensing and actuation technologies on various platforms, including drones.

Main Results:

  • Advanced imaging technologies, especially small drones, can detect changes in leaf reflectance caused by arthropod pest damage.
  • Sensing drones can generate digital maps of pest hotspots, guiding actuation drones for precision release of natural enemies or pesticide application.
  • The integration of sensing and actuation drones offers a novel, non-invasive, and targeted approach to pest management.

Conclusions:

  • Sustainable pest management in 21st-century agriculture heavily relies on novel technologies like drones.
  • Multi-disciplinary research collaborations between agronomists, ecologists, software programmers, and engineers are essential for advancing these technologies.
  • The development and promotion of improved crop monitoring procedures using drones are critical for enhancing agricultural sustainability.