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Related Concept Videos

Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test01:26

Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test

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A urine culture and sensitivity test is a diagnostic procedure used to identify urinary tract bacterial infections and determine the most effective antibiotics for treatment. This test is generally preferred when a patient shows manifestations of a urinary tract infection, such as frequent or painful urination, cloudy or foul-smelling urine, or lower abdominal pain.Purpose of the TestThe primary goals of a urine culture and sensitivity test are to:Determine the specific bacteria causing the...
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Pure cultures, defined as the growth of a single microorganism species isolated from mixed populations, are fundamental tools in microbiological research and practical applications. These cultures ensure genetic and physiological uniformity, allowing researchers to study microbial traits under controlled conditions.Isolation and Maintenance of Pure CulturesObtaining a pure culture involves isolating a single microbial type from a mixed sample through techniques such as serial dilutions, streak...
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In managing urinary tract infections (UTIs) in nursing, a comprehensive assessment is essential. Begin by gathering subjective data, such as the patient’s complaints of dysuria (painful urination), urinary frequency, urgency, suprapubic pain, and any lower abdominal discomfort. This information can be complemented by questions regarding previous UTIs, sexual activity, and personal hygiene practices, which can provide insight into risk factors. Objective assessment should focus on signs...
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Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:30

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A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...
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Sputum Studies II: Culture and Sensitivity01:20

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Sputum culture and sensitivity is a medical procedure used to diagnose bacterial infections in the respiratory tract and select the most appropriate antibiotics for treatment. This process involves analyzing sputum samples of thick and opaque secretions produced in the lungs and airways. These samples are collected from patients and then sent to the laboratory for analysis.
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Aseptic techniques prevent contamination, ensure experimental accuracy, and protect researchers and microbial cultures. These techniques are essential in clinical, industrial, and research settings where sterility is required.Maintaining Sterility in Laboratory PracticesScientists maintain sterility by sterilizing tools with heat or chemicals, disinfecting work surfaces, and handling cultures in controlled environments. Working near an open flame or within a laminar flow hood reduces the risk...
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Related Experiment Video

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Reducing inappropriate urine cultures through a culture standardization program.

David F Dougherty1, James Rickwa2, Danett Guy2

  • 1Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN.

American Journal of Infection Control
|December 10, 2019
PubMed
Summary

A urine culture standardization program significantly reduced urine cultures ordered. While urinalysis testing rates remained stable, catheter-associated urinary tract infection rates increased post-implementation, potentially due to reduced catheter use.

Keywords:
CAUTIReflexive urine cultureUrinary tract infectionUrine culture contamination

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Area of Science:

  • Clinical microbiology
  • Healthcare quality improvement
  • Infectious disease prevention

Background:

  • Standardizing urine culture orders is crucial for appropriate antimicrobial use.
  • A program incorporating order indications and reflexive urinalysis (U/A) was implemented in an academic medical center.
  • This study evaluated the program's impact on urine culture utilization and infection rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the effectiveness of a urine culture standardization program.
  • To determine the program's impact on urine culture and U/A orders.
  • To evaluate changes in catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) rates and urine culture contamination.

Main Methods:

  • A pre-implementation (Jan 2015-May 2016) and post-implementation (Jul 2016-Sep 2017) comparative analysis was conducted.
  • Primary outcomes included urine culture and U/A orders per 1,000 patient days, CAUTI rate per 1,000 catheter days, and contamination rates.
  • Catheter standardized utilization ratios (SURs) were also analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Urine culture rates decreased significantly by 6.9 per 1,000 patient days (P < .0001).
  • CAUTI rates significantly increased post-intervention (0.2 per 1,000 catheter days; P=.04), while SURs decreased significantly.
  • Sixty-four percent of reflexive urine cultures did not proceed to culture based on U/A criteria.

Conclusions:

  • The standardization program effectively reduced urine culture orders without increasing U/A testing.
  • The observed increase in CAUTI rates warrants further investigation, potentially linked to reduced catheter utilization.
  • Reflexive testing criteria require optimization for improved efficiency.