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This study shows how to tune nanofluidic diodes using dynamic functionalization. Optimal modification achieved the highest current rectification and adjustable ion selectivity, enabling tailored nanopore behavior.

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Nanofluidic diodes are crucial for controlling ion transport at the nanoscale.
  • Tuning their properties like current rectification and ion selectivity is essential for advanced applications.
  • Dynamic functionalization offers a promising approach to modify nanopore characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the tuning of current rectification and ion selectivity in nanofluidic diodes.
  • To identify the optimal conditions for dynamic functionalization of a conical nanopore.
  • To investigate the influence of functionalization time on diode behavior and ion selectivity.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental and theoretical investigation of a conical nanopore functionalized with poly-l-lysine.
  • Systematic variation of functionalization time to control pore modification depth.
  • Analysis of current rectification and ion selectivity under varying voltage conditions.

Main Results:

  • An optimal functionalization time was identified, leading to maximum current rectification.
  • Functionalization time significantly influences the rectification behavior, particularly at positive voltages.
  • The ion selectivity of the nanopore can be dynamically tuned from cation-selective to anion-selective by adjusting functionalization duration.

Conclusions:

  • Dynamic functionalization of nanopores provides a versatile method for controlling nanofluidic diode performance.
  • The study establishes a direct correlation between functionalization time, pore modification, and resulting ion transport properties.
  • This approach enables the development of tunable nanofluidic devices with switchable ion selectivity.