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Related Experiment Videos

Egg envelope conversion following fertilization in Bufo japonicus.

L L Lindsay1, H Yamasaki, J L Hedrick

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, Davis 95616.

Developmental Biology
|November 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Fertilization triggers Bufo japonicus egg envelope hardening and glycoprotein hydrolysis, making it impenetrable to sperm. These changes occur independently of sperm or jelly factors, requiring low ionic strength.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive biology
  • Developmental biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The egg envelope's role in fertilization is crucial for species-specific reproduction.
  • Understanding the molecular mechanisms of egg envelope modification is key to reproductive science.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular changes in the Bufo japonicus egg envelope during fertilization.
  • To identify the factors and conditions influencing egg envelope hardening and hydrolysis.

Main Methods:

  • Electrophoretic analysis of egg envelope glycoproteins.
  • Peptide mapping and deglycosylation studies.
  • Protease inhibitor assays and melting temperature measurements.

Main Results:

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  • Fertilization caused hydrolysis of two specific glycoprotein components (65,000 and 61,000 Da) to lower molecular weights (62,000 and 58,000 Da).
  • Egg envelope hardening, indicated by increased melting temperature, was observed post-fertilization.
  • Proteolytic activity was implicated in both hydrolysis and hardening, requiring low ionic strength (<50 mM).
  • These modifications occurred without sperm or jelly factors and were independent of cortical granule exocytosis.

Conclusions:

  • The Bufo japonicus egg envelope undergoes significant structural and biochemical changes upon fertilization, mediated by proteolytic activity.
  • These modifications, including hydrolysis and hardening, are essential for preventing polyspermy and are regulated by ionic strength.
  • The process is intrinsic to the egg and does not require external factors like sperm or jelly coat components.