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Discrimination learning in oxycodone-treated nonhuman primates.

Sarah L Withey¹, Rachel J Doyle², Erica N Porter²

¹Behavioral Biology Program, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill St, Belmont, MA 02478, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

|December 10, 2019

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Prescription opioid abuse is a major health issue. This study found that while oxycodone did not impair learning during self-administration, opioid withdrawal significantly disrupted learning and cognition in primates.

Keywords:

Cognition Naltrexone Nonhuman primate Opioid Oxycodone Self-administration Withdrawal

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Behavioral Pharmacology
Addiction Research

Background:

Opioid abuse, particularly prescription opioids like oxycodone, remains a significant public health crisis.
Limited research exists on how opioid dependence and withdrawal affect cognition-related behaviors in animal models.
Understanding these effects is crucial for developing effective treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of oxycodone exposure and withdrawal on learning processes in nonhuman primates.
To assess how different conditions of oxycodone administration (self-administration, chronic treatment, withdrawal) influence cognitive function.

Main Methods:

Nonhuman primates were trained on novel touchscreen visual discrimination tasks.
Learning was assessed during oxycodone self-administration, chronic non-contingent oxycodone treatment, and during opioid withdrawal (precipitated by naltrexone or abrupt discontinuation).
Motoric behavior and autonomic signs of withdrawal were also monitored.

Main Results:

Oxycodone disrupted motor behavior but did not impair learning during self-administration or chronic treatment.
Discrimination learning was significantly impaired during both naltrexone-precipitated and abrupt discontinuation-induced oxycodone withdrawal.
These learning impairments correlated with observable autonomic signs of opioid withdrawal.

Conclusions:

Impairments in learning processes are associated with the unconditioned signs of opioid withdrawal.
Opioid withdrawal, not chronic exposure itself, appears to be the primary driver of cognitive deficits in learning.
These findings highlight the cognitive impact of opioid withdrawal and inform potential therapeutic interventions.