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Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide generation. 
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
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Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction

Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of chronic disorders marked by recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract due to an abnormal immune response against gut microflora. This leads to tissue damage. The two main forms are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.Crohn’s DiseaseCrohn’s disease is a relapsing inflammatory disorder that can affect any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus. It involves all layers of the bowel wall (transmural) and shows “skip lesions” in which...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal BarrierA...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses two major chronic disorders—ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease—each characterized by relapsing episodes of gastrointestinal inflammation. Although they share certain clinical features, their patterns of involvement and manifestations differ in ways that aid diagnosis and guide management.Ulcerative ColitisUlcerative colitis is limited to the colon and rectum and involves continuous inflammation of the mucosal layer. The disease course is marked...

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Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Fluorescence-mediated Tomography for the Detection and Quantification of Macrophage-related Murine Intestinal Inflammation
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Published on: December 15, 2017

Fecal lactate and ulcerative colitis.

P Vernia1, R Caprilli, G Latella

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology, Università La Sapienza, Rome, Italy.

Gastroenterology
|December 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels decrease as ulcerative colitis (UC) severity increases, while lactate levels rise. This shift in fecal metabolites indicates altered gut bacteria metabolism in severe UC.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Microbiome Research
  • Metabolic Studies

Background:

  • Ulcerative colitis (UC) is associated with impaired short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) metabolism and altered fecal ion profiles.
  • Understanding fecal metabolite changes is crucial for assessing UC activity and severity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate alterations in fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and lactic acid in patients with ulcerative colitis.
  • To correlate these metabolite changes with the clinical activity and severity of the disease.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of fecal water samples from 62 patients diagnosed with ulcerative colitis.
  • Quantification of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and lactic acid levels.
  • Correlation of metabolite concentrations with disease activity (quiescent, mild, severe).

Main Results:

  • SCFA levels were high in quiescent and mild UC but significantly decreased in severe UC.
  • Lactate levels showed a progressive increase from mild to severe ulcerative colitis.
  • Severe UC was characterized by low fecal pH, bicarbonate, potassium, and SCFAs, alongside high sodium, chloride, and lactate.

Conclusions:

  • A decrease in fecal SCFAs and a rise in lactate correlate with increased ulcerative colitis severity.
  • Lowered intraluminal pH may drive a shift in bacterial metabolism from SCFA production to lactate production.
  • These metabolic shifts offer insights into the pathophysiology of ulcerative colitis.