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Dry Coupling of Ultrasonic Transducer Components for High Temperature Applications.

Neelesh Bhadwal1, Mina Torabi Milani1, Thomas Coyle2

  • 1Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada.

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|December 11, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Dry coupling using silver foil enables efficient piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer performance. This method achieves high signal-to-noise ratio and bandwidth, even at elevated temperatures, reducing the need for ultrasonic gel.

Keywords:
dry couplingelevated temperatureharsh environmentlithium niobateultrasonic transducer

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Acoustics
  • Nondestructive Testing

Background:

  • Traditional ultrasonic transducer coupling relies on gels, which can be problematic in certain environments.
  • Dry coupling methods are sought for improved reliability and broader application ranges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the viability of dry coupling for piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer components.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of annealed silver foil as a coupling agent.
  • To determine the optimal conditions for achieving high-quality ultrasonic signals without traditional couplants.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a lithium-niobate (Li-Nb) based transducer in pulse-echo mode.
  • Employed a thin foil of annealed silver as a filler/coupling material between transducer components.
  • Applied a normal clamping stress of 25 MPa over three loading cycles to a precisely aligned transducer stack.
  • Evaluated signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and echo bandwidth at room temperature and preliminary high-temperature tests.

Main Results:

  • Achieved backwall echoes with a SNR > 25 dB and a 3 dB bandwidth of approximately 65% using dry coupling.
  • Compared favorably to results obtained with traditional ultrasonic gel (SNR 32 dB, 3 dB bandwidth 65%).
  • Demonstrated that low clamping forces and precise alignment are key to efficient dry coupling.
  • Preliminary tests indicate suitability for high-temperature applications with comparable signal quality to gel coupling at room temperature.

Conclusions:

  • Annealed silver foil facilitates efficient dry coupling of piezoelectric ultrasonic transducers.
  • The developed dry coupling method requires significantly lower clamping forces than previously reported.
  • This technique offers a viable alternative to gel coupling, particularly for high-temperature or demanding environments.
  • The study highlights the importance of material properties, alignment, and controlled clamping for effective dry coupling.