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Trihybrid Crosses

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Some of Mendel’s crosses examined three pairs of contrasting characteristics. Such a cross is called a trihybrid cross. A trihybrid cross is a combination of three individual monohybrid crosses. For example, plant height (tall vs. short), seed shape (round vs. wrinkled), and seed color (yellow vs. green).
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 2, 2026

A Simple Method for Isolation of Soybean Protoplasts and Application to Transient Gene Expression Analyses

A Simple Method for Isolation of Soybean Protoplasts and Application to Transient Gene Expression Analyses

Published on: January 25, 2018

Quantitative Genomic Dissection of Soybean Yield Components.

Alencar Xavier^1,2, Katy M Rainey³

¹Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette IN 47907 and.

G3 (Bethesda, Md.)

|December 11, 2019

Summary

Improving soybean yield requires understanding its genetic basis. This study identified 18 quantitative trait loci (QTL) for yield components, suggesting introgression of these QTL is a viable breeding strategy for enhanced soybean production.

Keywords:

GWAS GxE SoyNAM genomic prediction heritability soybean yield yield components

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Last Updated: Jan 2, 2026

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Area of Science:

Agricultural Science
Plant Genetics
Crop Breeding

Background:

Soybean yield gains lag behind other crops, necessitating research into genetic architecture.
Yield components like pod number and nodes are crucial for improving soybean grain yield.
Understanding genetic control of these components is key to addressing breeding challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the genetic architecture of soybean yield components.
To identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with pod number, nodes, and pods per node.
To evaluate the potential of genomic prediction and QTL introgression for soybean breeding.

Main Methods:

Evaluation of the SoyNAM population (approx. 5600 lines, 40 families) across 6 environments over 3 years.
Analysis of yield components including low heritability, epistasis, and oligogenic architecture.
Identification of 18 QTL using multi-approach signal detection and assessment of genetic and genotype-by-environment correlations.

Main Results:

Yield components exhibited low heritability and significant epistatic control.
Eighteen QTL were identified across the three yield components.
Genetic correlations between yield and components varied, as did genotype-by-environment correlations.
Genomic prediction was accurate across families but less so within families.

Conclusions:

The number of pods is a potential trait for indirect selection of soybean yield.
QTL introgression may be more feasible than genomic prediction for enhancing soybean yield components due to data collection challenges.
Targeted breeding strategies focusing on identified QTL can improve soybean productivity.