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Accentuated osseointegration in osteogenic nanofibrous coated titanium implants
Siddhartha Das1,2, Kanchan Dholam3, Sandeep Gurav3
1Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, Maharashtra, India.
Scientific Reports
|December 11, 2019
Summary
This study developed a novel osteogenic nanofiber coating for titanium implants, significantly enhancing osseointegration. The coated implants demonstrated improved bone regeneration and stability in rabbit models without adverse effects.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Regenerative Medicine
- Orthopedic Surgery
Background:
- Osseointegration of endosseous implants is crucial for clinical success.
- Surface modification of implants can enhance bone regeneration and implant stability.
- Current methods require improvement for predictable and robust osseointegration.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and evaluate a novel osteogenic nanofibrous coating for titanium endosseous implants.
- To assess the efficacy of the coating in promoting osseointegration and bone regeneration.
- To investigate the biocompatibility and safety of the coated implants.
Main Methods:
- Electrospinning of a bio-composite nanofiber coating (polycaprolactone, gelatin, hydroxyapatite, dexamethasone, beta-glycerophosphate, ascorbic acid) onto titanium implants.
- In vivo proof-of-concept study using rabbit models (n=6).
- Evaluation using micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT), histomorphometric analysis, and biomechanical testing.
Main Results:
- Osteogenic nanofibrous coated implants showed significantly improved osseointegration compared to uncoated controls.
- Enhanced bone regeneration and increased bone-implant contact were observed.
- No pathological changes were detected in peri-implant tissues, indicating good biocompatibility.
Conclusions:
- Osteogenic nanofibrous coating significantly enhances osseointegration and bone regeneration around titanium implants.
- The developed coating shows potential for improving clinical outcomes in endosseous implantology.
- This surface modification strategy offers a promising approach for advanced dental and orthopedic implants.
