Exacerbation Frequency And Eosinophil Counts Among Patients With COPD Currently Prescribed Triple Therapy

To characterize and estimate the proportion of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who continue to exacerbate while receiving triple therapy and further describe these patients according to blood eosinophil counts.

This was an analysis of the 2017 Adelphi Real-World Respiratory Disease Specific Programme (DSP) survey of patients with COPD from France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom (UK). Demographics were assessed on the date of completion of the physician/patient questionnaire; clinical characteristics were captured for the previous 12 months. The proportion of patients receiving triple therapy, who had experienced ≥2 moderate or ≥1 severe acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) in the 12 months prior to index, and had blood eosinophil counts ≥150 cells/µL (T-AECOPD-EOS150) or ≥300 cells/µL (T-AECOPD-EOS300), were calculated.

In total, 2876 patients were included of which 762 had an eosinophil value. A higher proportion of patients in the ≥300 cells/μL eosinophil group (55.9%) compared with 150-<300 cells/μL (48.7%) and <150 cells/μL (47.1%) groups experienced ≥2 moderate and/or ≥1 severe AECOPD in the year prior to index. The ≥300 cells/μL eosinophil group had the lowest reported level of health-related quality of life (HRQoL). More severe disease in terms of comorbidities, lung function, healthcare resource use, and HRQoL was seen in patients with ≥2 moderate or ≥1 severe AECOPD in the year prior to index while receiving triple therapy, compared with patients who did not meet these criteria. In total, 10.6% and 6.2% of the COPD population, respectively, met the criteria for the T-AECOPD-EOS150 and T-AECOPD-EOS300 cohorts.

This analysis demonstrates that there is a subpopulation of patients with COPD who continue to experience exacerbations despite receiving triple therapy; approximately three-quarters of these had eosinophils ≥150 cells/μL and one-third had eosinophils ≥300 cells/μL; these patients may benefit from eosinophil-targeted therapies.