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Electrospun Poly (Aspartic Acid)-Modified Zein Nanofibers for Promoting Bone Regeneration.
Yun Liu1, Ying-Ling Miao2, Feng Qin1
1Department of Oral Implantology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
International Journal of Nanomedicine
|December 11, 2019
Summary
Poly (aspartic acid)-modified zein nanofibers enhance bone regeneration by promoting cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. The optimal 7.63% poly (aspartic acid) grafting percentage significantly accelerates bone formation in critical-sized defects.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Tissue Engineering
- Regenerative Medicine
Background:
- Critical-sized bone defects present significant clinical challenges.
- Zein shows potential for bone regeneration but has limited cell proliferation-stimulating capacity.
- Poly (aspartic acid) (PAsp) enhances rat bone marrow stromal cell (rBMSC) proliferation and osteogenic differentiation, making PAsp-zein hybrids promising for bone repair.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop electrospun poly (aspartic acid)-modified zein nanofibers for critical-sized bone defect repair.
- To investigate the effect of varying PAsp grafting percentages on the biological and osteogenic activities of zein nanofibers.
- To evaluate the in vitro and in vivo performance of these modified nanofibers in promoting bone regeneration.
Main Methods:
- Preparation of zein nanofibers with different PAsp grafting percentages (0%, 5.32%, 7.63%).
- In vitro evaluation using rBMSCs, including SEM, fluorescence staining, CCK-8 assay, ALP activity, and ARS staining.
- In vivo assessment in SD rat critical-sized bone defects using μCT, HE, Masson, and immunohistochemical staining.
Main Results:
- Increased PAsp content reduced water contact angle, enhancing hydrophilicity.
- The 7.63% PAsp-modified zein nanofibers (ZPAA-2) demonstrated superior rBMSC proliferation and osteogenic differentiation compared to zein and ZPAA-1.
- In vivo studies showed ZPAA-2 significantly accelerated bone formation and improved new bone maturity in SD rats compared to control groups.
Conclusions:
- Electrospun PAsp-modified zein nanofibers create a favorable microenvironment for osteogenic differentiation and bone regeneration.
- A PAsp grafting percentage of 7.63% represents an optimal composition for enhanced bone repair.
- These findings highlight the potential of PAsp-zein nanofibers as a promising biomaterial for treating critical-sized bone defects.
