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Improved standardization of transcribed digital specimen data.

Quentin Groom1, Mathias Dillen1, Helen Hardy2

  • 1Department of Collections, Meise Botanic Garden, Nieuwelaan 38, 1860 Meise, Belgium.

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|December 11, 2019
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Summary

Digitizing over 1.2 billion biological specimens is crucial for scientific research. This study offers recommendations for improving data transcription and interoperability in museum and herbarium collections.

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Area of Science:

  • Biodiversity science
  • Museum studies
  • Data science

Background:

  • Over 1.2 billion biological specimens are housed in global museums and herbaria.
  • Specimen data are essential for taxonomy, biogeography, and ecology but are often paper-documented.
  • Digitizing and standardizing these data are vital for research and specimen findability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide recommendations for improving the transcription of biological specimen data.
  • To enhance the interoperability and reusability of collection datasets.
  • To address challenges in digitizing and managing large-scale specimen information.

Main Methods:

  • Review of experiences from various digitization projects involving volunteers, technicians, scientists, commercial services, and automated systems.
  • Analysis of specimen data usage for taxonomic, biogeographical, and ecological research.
  • Identification of key issues in database implementation and specific data types relevant to specimen data.

Main Results:

  • Identified critical issues in database implementation, including versioning, annotation, handling of unknown/incomplete data, and language considerations.
  • Focused on specific data types such as nomenclature, dates, geography, collector numbers, and personal identification.
  • Developed recommendations for standards organizations, software developers, data scientists, and transcribers.

Conclusions:

  • Improving data transcription and standardization is essential for unlocking the full potential of biological specimen collections.
  • Addressing database and data-type specific challenges will enhance data interoperability and research utility.
  • Collaborative efforts among stakeholders are needed to ensure the effective digitization and use of global specimen data.