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Knee Joint

Knee Joint

The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 2, 2026

The Use of Mixed Reality in Custom-Made Revision Hip Arthroplasty: A First Case Report

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Early experience with the ATTUNE Total Knee Replacement System.

Stefano Giaretta¹, Mattia Berti, Gian Mario Micheloni

¹Orthopedic and Traumatology Unit, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy. Stefano.giaretta@gmail.com.

Acta Bio-Medica : Atenei Parmensis

|December 11, 2019

Summary

The ATTUNE Total Knee Replacement System shows excellent short-term clinical and radiological outcomes, with a high survival rate. Close monitoring is advised due to a notable incidence of radiolucent lines in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) patients.

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Area of Science:

Orthopedic Surgery
Biomedical Engineering
Medical Device Evaluation

Background:

Modern total knee arthroplasty (TKA) implants aim to enhance patient outcomes, stability, and surgical efficiency.
The ATTUNE Total Knee Replacement System is a contemporary implant designed for improved functional results.

Purpose of the Study:

To retrospectively evaluate the short-term clinical and radiological outcomes of the ATTUNE Total Knee Replacement System.
To assess the survival rate of primary cemented TKAs utilizing the ATTUNE system.

Main Methods:

A review of 228 primary cemented TKAs implanted between 2014 and 2018.
Clinical assessments included the Knee injury Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), Oxford Score, and Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) for pain.
Radiographic analysis utilized the Modern Knee Society Score Evaluation System.

Main Results:

Excellent mean KOOS scores for Pain (82.7), Symptoms (79), ADL (78.3), and QOL (78.6).
High mean range of motion (ROM) of 113.4 degrees; mean Oxford score of 35, mean NRS pain score of 2.
A 98.4% survival rate at 2 years and 97.4% at 5 years, with radiolucent lines detected in 22.4% of knees.

Conclusions:

The ATTUNE Total Knee Replacement System demonstrates excellent short-term clinical and radiological results.
The revision rate is favorable, but the incidence of radiolucent lines necessitates vigilant patient monitoring.
Further long-term studies are warranted to fully understand the implications of radiolucent lines observed in ATTUNE TKA.