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Related Concept Videos

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:22

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Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
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Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests

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Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder that leads to the thickening and narrowing of arterial walls due to plaque buildup. This condition can cause various symptoms depending on the arteries affected:Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): This condition affects the coronary arteries and may lead to chest pain (angina), shortness of breath (dyspnea), heart attacks, and other heart disease symptoms.Cerebrovascular Disease: This affects blood flow to the brain, causing transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)...
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Aneurysm I: Introduction01:30

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An aortic aneurysm is a localized outpouching or dilation at a weak point in the artery wall. It may involve different parts of the aorta, such as the abdominal aorta, aortic arch, or thoracic aorta.Etiological factorsSeveral disorders are associated with aortic aneurysms.Congenital causes, such as primary connective tissue disorders like Marfan syndrome, impact the integrity and strength of connective tissues, notably affecting the aorta. Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder that specifically...
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Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
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Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care01:26

Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care

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Aneurysm management involves either conservative medical therapy or surgical intervention, depending on the size and symptoms of the aneurysm. Conservative management is generally reserved for smaller, asymptomatic aneurysms, while larger or symptomatic aneurysms often necessitate surgical repair.Conservative Medical TherapyFor small, asymptomatic aneurysms, particularly abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) less than 5.5 centimeters in diameter, conservative medical therapy is recommended. This...
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Manufacturing Abdominal Aorta Hydrogel Tissue-Mimicking Phantoms for Ultrasound Elastography Validation
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Screening for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.

, Douglas K Owens1,2, Karina W Davidson3

  • 1Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California.

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|December 11, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Screening for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) is recommended for men aged 65-75 who have ever smoked. Routine screening is not advised for women without a family history or smoking history.

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Area of Science:

  • Vascular Surgery
  • Preventive Medicine
  • Diagnostic Imaging

Background:

  • Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is defined as aortic enlargement ≥3.0 cm.
  • AAA prevalence has declined in screened European men but is unclear in the US due to low screening uptake.
  • Ruptured AAAs carry an 81% mortality risk, with most AAAs being asymptomatic until rupture.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To update 2014 recommendations on AAA screening.
  • To review evidence on screening effectiveness, harms, and treatment benefits for small AAAs.

Main Methods:

  • Evidence review commissioned by the USPSTF.
  • Focused on 1-time and repeated screening for AAA.
  • Considered benefits and harms of treating small AAAs (3.0-5.4 cm).

Main Results:

  • Moderate net benefit for AAA screening in men aged 65-75 who ever smoked.
  • Small net benefit for screening in men aged 65-75 who never smoked.
  • Insufficient evidence for screening in women aged 65-75 who smoked or had a family history.

Conclusions:

  • Recommend 1-time AAA screening via ultrasonography for men 65-75 who ever smoked (B recommendation).
  • Selectively offer screening to men 65-75 who never smoked (C recommendation).
  • Recommend against routine screening for women 65-75 who never smoked and have no family history (D recommendation).