Response of inflammatory cells to biodegradable ultra-fine grained Mg-based composites

Ultra-fine grained biodegradable Mg-based Mg1Zn1Mn0.3 Zr - HA and Mg4Y5.5Dy0.5 Zr - 45S5 Bioglass composites have shown great medical potential. Two types of these Mg-based biomaterials subjected to different treatments were tested and as shown earlier they are biocompatible. The aim of the study is to determine how much culture media incubated with these ultra-fine trained Mg-based composites can cause inflammatory reactions and /or periodontal cell death. The incubation of composites in the medium releases metal ions into the solution. It can be assumed that this process is permanent and also occurs in the human body. The results have shown that the effect of proinflammatory IL-6 and TNF- cytokines results in the strongest production of the acute phase proteins in the first day on the Mg1Zn1Mn0.3 Zr-5 wt.% HA-1 wt. % Ag HF-treated biocomposite after immersion for 2 h in 40 % HF and then the fastest decrease in these processes on the third day. In turn, the inflammatory process induced on the Mg1Zn1Mn0.3 Zr-5 wt.% HA-1 wt. % Ag biomaterial, in BAX / BCL ratio assessment, is the strongest on the third day and maintains a significantly high level on the following day, which, at the same time, confirms its persistence and development. In addition, these results confirm the successively generated necrotic processes. Ions can induce inflammatory reactions, which in the case of the implant may take a long time, which results in the loss of the implant. Even if the material is biocompatible in rapid in-vitro tests, it can induce inflammation in the body after some time due to the release of ions. Not every treatment improves the material's properties in terms of subsequent safety.