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Updated: Jan 2, 2026

X-ray Dose Reduction through Adaptive Exposure in Fluoroscopic Imaging
Published on: September 11, 2011
ESTIMATION OF RADIATION DOSE IN CT VENOGRAPHY OF THE LOWER EXTREMITIES: PHANTOM EXPERIMENTS USING DIFFERENT AUTOMATIC
Yusuke Inoue1, Hiroyasu Itoh2, Kazunori Nagahara2
1Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.
Abstract:
We performed phantom experiments to assess radiation dose in computed tomography (CT) venography of the lower extremities. CT images of a whole-body phantom were acquired using different automatic exposure control settings and scan ranges, simulating CT venography. Tube current decreased in the lower extremities compared to the trunk. The scout direction and dose modulation strength affected tube current, dose length product (DLP) and effective dose. The middle and distal portions of the lower extremities contributed substantially to DLP but not to effective dose. When effective dose was estimated by multiplying DLP by a single conversion factor, overestimation was evident; this became more pronounced as the scan range narrowed. In CT venography of the lower extremities, the scout direction and modulation strength affect radiation dose. Use of DLP severely overestimates radiation dose and underestimates effects of scan range narrowing.
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