Jidong cognitive impairment cohort study: objectives, design, and baseline screening

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Epidemiology
• Public Health

Background:

• Cognitive impairment increases dementia risk, but contributing factors remain unclear.
• Identifying these factors is crucial for early intervention and prevention strategies.
• Prospective cohort studies are essential for understanding disease progression and risk factors.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the incidence of cognitive impairment and identify prognostic factors.
• To construct a prognostic model for cognitive impairment and dementia.
• To provide clinical evidence for the early prevention of cognitive impairment and dementia.

Main Methods:

• Established the Jidong cognitive impairment cohort with 5854 healthy participants older than 45 years.
• Assessed cognitive impairment using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score < 24.
• Utilized multivariate logistic regression to identify risk factors, including age, arterial hypertension, education level, alcohol consumption, and smoking.

Main Results:

• Baseline screening revealed 5.5% prevalence of cognitive impairment.
• Significant risk factors for cognitive impairment included older age (OR=1.059) and arterial hypertension (OR=1.665).
• Higher educational attainment was associated with a decreased risk of cognitive impairment.

Conclusions:

• Age and arterial hypertension are significant risk factors for cognitive impairment.
• Increased educational level is a protective factor against cognitive impairment.
• These findings provide a basis for developing targeted prevention strategies for cognitive decline and dementia.