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Gross motor developmental delay in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children under 2 years of age

Patience Ngozi Obiagwu1

  • 1Department of Paediatrics, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria.

Annals of African Medicine
|December 12, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection impacts child development. HIV-infected children under two years showed delayed gross motor milestones compared to uninfected peers, evident within the first six months.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Developmental Biology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection significantly affects child development.
  • Assessing gross motor development in young children is crucial for early intervention.
  • Understanding developmental outcomes in HIV-exposed and unexposed infants is vital.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the gross motor developmental outcomes of HIV-infected children under two years of age with those of uninfected children.
  • To identify the age of onset for gross motor developmental delays in HIV-infected infants.
  • To establish the impact of HIV infection on early motor milestones.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study involving children under two years presenting to a pediatric outpatient department.
  • Gross motor milestone assessment using World Health Organization growth reference criteria.
  • HIV antibody testing for all participants with confirmatory tests for positive or discordant results.

Main Results:

  • Of 108 children, 14% were HIV-infected; 8.3% exhibited delayed gross motor milestones.
  • HIV-infected children showed significantly later attainment of motor milestones compared to uninfected children.
  • Gross motor developmental delays were apparent as early as six months of life in HIV-infected infants.

Conclusions:

  • HIV infection is associated with poorer gross motor development in young children.
  • Developmental delays in HIV-infected infants can manifest within the first six months of life.
  • Routine HIV screening and early developmental assessments are recommended for all children.
Abstract

Keywords:
Gross motor milestones delayhuman immunodeficiency virus/AIDSpediatrics

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