[Features of speech rehabilitation in the acute stroke in different forms of aphasia]

To determine the dependence of speech recovery on the type of aphasia in patients with acute ischemic stroke in the carotid territory.

Three hundred and fifty-one patients, aged 61 [55; 72] years, with ischemic stroke were examined. The degree of speech recovery was characterized by an increase in the score on the Speech Questionnaire (SQ) on the 21st day from the beginning of the disease compared to baseline. Patients were divided into 2 groups: low (ΔSQ ≤6) and high (ΔSQ >6) recovery. Speech disorders were represented by motor, sensorimotor and subcortical aphasia.

The group ΔSQ ≤6 was dominated by patients with sensorimotor aphasia (n=141, (76,6%)). In the ΔSQ >6 group, motor aphasia was more frequent (119 people (71.3%)), sensorimotor aphasia was observed in 48 patients (28.7%) (p=0.0001). Patients of the group with the worst speech restoration more often had cortical aphasia (n=108; 73.0%), and patients with subcortical aphasia slightly prevailed in the group with the best recovery: 40 (27.0%) in group I and 57 (47.5%) in group II (p=0.001).

Motor aphasia and subcortical aphasia are associated with good recovery of speech function in the acute period of ischemic stroke.