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Related Concept Videos

Antimicrobial Effectiveness01:28

Antimicrobial Effectiveness

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The effectiveness of antimicrobial agents depends on various factors influencing their ability to eliminate microbial populations. Larger microbial populations require more time for complete eradication, emphasizing the importance of population size analysis when evaluating antimicrobial efficacy.Microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents varies significantly. Highly resilient microorganisms include endospores, gram-negative bacteria, and non-enveloped viruses, while prions are exceptionally...
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Chemicals play important roles in controlling microbial growth by targeting microbial structures and functions as sanitizers, antiseptics, disinfectants, and sterilants.Alcohols are commonly used sanitizers, effectively disrupting lipid membranes, which compromises cell integrity. They are also used as antiseptics and disinfectants due to their rapid action and versatility.Phenols and their derivatives phenolics , known for denaturing proteins and disrupting cell membranes, are particularly...
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Preparation of Thermoresponsive Nanostructured Surfaces for Tissue Engineering
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Functionalized starch microparticles for contact-active antimicrobial polymer surfaces.

Ewomazino Ojogbo1, Valerie Ward1, Tizazu H Mekonnen1

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.

Carbohydrate Polymers
|December 13, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed antimicrobial polymer surfaces using starch. Modified starch grafted with a biocide (polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride) was incorporated into poly (lactic acid) films, creating effective self-decontaminating materials.

Keywords:
Antimicrobial bioplasticsBiopolymersMicroparticlesPLAStarchSurface modification

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Starch is a renewable, biodegradable, and modifiable biomacromolecule suitable for functional materials.
  • Developing antimicrobial surfaces is crucial for preventing microbial contamination in various applications.
  • Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) is a biocompatible and biodegradable polymer with potential for functionalization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To utilize starch as a platform for creating antimicrobial polymer surfaces.
  • To investigate the conjugation of biocidal molecules onto starch and their antimicrobial properties.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of starch-grafted biocide incorporated into PLA films against bacteria.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride (PHGH) as the antimicrobial agent.
  • Chemical grafting of PHGH onto starch, confirmed by FTIR, proton NMR, and elemental analysis.
  • Incorporation of modified starch into PLA films at varying concentrations and evaluation of antimicrobial activity.

Main Results:

  • Successful grafting of PHGH onto starch was confirmed through analytical techniques.
  • PLA films containing modified starch exhibited significant antimicrobial potency against Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli.
  • Antimicrobial efficacy was observed upon direct contact between bacteria and the polymer surfaces.

Conclusions:

  • Starch serves as an effective modular platform for producing antimicrobial polymer surfaces.
  • Starch-grafted biocide incorporated into PLA demonstrates potential for self-decontaminating applications.
  • These materials show promise for use in medical devices and food packaging to reduce microbial load.