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Updated: Jan 2, 2026

Artificial Intelligence Approaches to Assessing Primary Cilia
Published on: May 1, 2021
ARL3, a small GTPase with a functionally conserved role in primary cilia and immune synapses
Laura Powell1, Youhani H Samarakoon2,3, Shehab Ismail2,3
1Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
None:
The primary cilium and the immunological synapse are both specialized functional plasma membrane domains that share several similarities. Signalling output of membrane domains is regulated, spatially and temporally, by segregating and focusing lipids and proteins. ARL3, a small GTPase, plays a major role in concentrating lipid-modified proteins in both the immunological synapse and the primary cilia. Here in this review we will introduce the role of ARL3 in health and disease and its role in polarizing signalling at the primary cilia and immunological synapses.
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