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Related Concept Videos

Gastrulation01:56

Gastrulation

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Gastrulation establishes the three primary tissues of an embryo: the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. This developmental process relies on a series of intricate cellular movements, which in humans transforms a flat, “bilaminar disc” composed of two cell sheets into a three-tiered structure. In the resulting embryo, the endoderm serves as the bottom layer, and stacked directly above it is the intermediate mesoderm, and then the uppermost ectoderm. Respectively, these tissue strata...
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Multi-omics profiling of mouse gastrulation at single-cell resolution.

Ricard Argelaguet1, Stephen J Clark2, Hisham Mohammed3

  • 1European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Cambridge, UK.

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|December 13, 2019
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Summary

Early mouse embryo development involves major epigenetic changes. This study maps single-cell multi-omics, revealing coordinated epigenetic remodeling in mesoderm and endoderm lineages before cell-fate decisions.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Epigenetics
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Gastrulation establishes vertebrate body plan via germ layer formation.
  • Epigenetic reprogramming accompanies gastrulation, but its role in cell-fate choice is unclear.
  • Coordination between molecular layers during early development needs elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create a single-cell multi-omics map of chromatin accessibility, DNA methylation, and RNA expression during mouse gastrulation.
  • To investigate the role of the epigenome in early cell-fate decisions.
  • To understand the coordination between epigenetic changes and germ layer specification.

Main Methods:

  • Single-cell multi-omics profiling (chromatin accessibility, DNA methylation, RNA expression).
  • Analysis of mouse embryos at the onset of gastrulation.
  • Computational integration of multi-omics data.

Main Results:

  • Pluripotency exit is linked to a global repressive epigenetic landscape.
  • Lineage-specific epigenetic patterns emerge during gastrulation.
  • Mesoderm and endoderm cells show coordinated epigenetic rearrangements (TET-mediated demethylation, increased accessibility) before fate commitment.
  • Ectodermal cells display established methylation and accessibility landscapes early on.

Conclusions:

  • Regulatory elements are epigenetically primed or remodeled before germ layer cell-fate decisions.
  • This provides a molecular framework for the hierarchical emergence of primary germ layers.
  • The study clarifies the epigenome's role in early cell-fate choice and molecular layer coordination.