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Multiple divergent mRNAs code for a single human calmodulin.

R Fischer1, M Koller, M Flura

  • 1Laboratory for Biochemistry, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich.

The Journal of Biological Chemistry
|November 15, 1988
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Researchers discovered a new human calmodulin (CaM) gene. Despite encoding an identical protein, its DNA sequence differs significantly from known CaM genes, suggesting a multigene family with divergent sequences.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Calmodulin (CaM) is a crucial calcium-binding protein involved in numerous cellular processes.
  • Previous studies identified human CaM cDNAs, but the extent of genetic diversity was not fully explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report the isolation and characterization of a novel human calmodulin (CaM) cDNA clone.
  • To investigate the sequence divergence among different human CaM mRNA transcripts.
  • To explore the implications of a potential CaM multigene family.

Main Methods:

  • Complementary DNA (cDNA) cloning and sequencing.
  • Nucleotide sequence identity analysis.
  • Messenger RNA (mRNA) expression analysis in human tissues.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Genomic DNA characterization.

    • Main Results:

    • A novel human CaM cDNA clone was isolated, encoding a protein identical to known higher vertebrate calmodulin.
    • Significant nucleotide sequence divergence (82% and 81% identity) was observed between the new cDNA and previously reported human CaM mRNAs in coding regions.
    • Noncoding regions showed no striking homology, and codon usage was divergent across the three CaM mRNAs.
    • A 2.3-kilobase mRNA from the new clone was expressed in human tissues, alongside a 0.8-kilobase species likely from alternative polyadenylation.
    • The human genome appears to contain at least three divergent CaM genes maintaining protein identity while diverging in nucleotide sequences.
    • The newly identified CaM gene contains introns at positions conserved with other vertebrate CaM genes.

    Conclusions:

    • The human genome harbors at least three distinct calmodulin genes.
    • These genes are under evolutionary pressure to produce an identical protein product despite significant divergence in their nucleotide sequences.
    • The existence of a calmodulin multigene family has evolutionary implications for gene regulation and protein function.